| The most recently published articles | The screening of gene/protein | The function of probiotics |
| Turpin et al. (2012) | Adhesion | Mub | Cell-surface proteins with cell wall |
| Turpin et al. (2012) | slpA | S-layer protein |
| Turpin et al. (2012) | Apf | Aggregation promoting factor |
| Munoz-Provencio et al. (2012) | srtA | Sortase-dependent surface protein |
| Turroni et al. (2013) | spaCBA, spaFED, pil2, pil3, fim1, fim2, fim3 | Sortase-dependent biosynthesis of pili |
| Vastano et al. (2014) | FbpA, E1 β-subunit of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex | Fibronectin binding protein |
| Westermann et al. (2012) | tad | Assembly of tide adherence pilus |
| Sela et al. (2008) | Degradation of HMOs and Mucus | 43 kbp gene cluster | Catabolism of HMOs |
| Sela et al. (2008) | F1SBPs | Import of oligosaccharides |
| Yoshida et al. (2012) | β-Galactosidases | Degradations of type-1 and type-2 HMOs |
| Kim et al. (2009) | Glycosylases | Degradation of HMOs |
| Shimada et al. (2015) | Glycosyl hydrolases, exo-α-sialidases, fucosidaes, PTS systems, ABC-type carriers, specific permeases, engBF, afcA, NagBb, agnB | Mucin degradation |
| Mack et al. (2003) | adh | Adhesion and stimulation of mucin secretion |
| Wang et al. (2014) | Soluble protein p40 | Stimulation of mucin production |
| Bauerl et al. (2010) | Modulation of the immune system | P40 and p75 proteins and homologues | Activation Akt, promotion of cell growth, inhibition of TNF-α |
| Gilad et al. (2011) | ClpB, Rpf | Potential immunogenic proteins |
| Le Marechal et al. (2014) | SLPs, additional disperse genetic loci | Regulation of anti- or pro-inflammatory immune responses |
| Turroni et al. (2010b) | ser | Inhibition of elastases |
| Fanning et al. (2012) | Cell surface-associated EPS | Adaptive immune response and protection against the gut pathogen Citrobacterrodentium |
| Schlee et al. (2007) | Flagellin | Induction of human β-defensin 2 |
| Corr et al. (2007) | Production of antimicrobial compounds | Bacteriocins | Induction against enterophogens |
| Meijerink et al. (2010) | Genes involved in plantaricin biosynthesis and secretion | Regulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines of DCs |
| Saulnier et al. (2011) | Production of nutrients and other beneficial processes | Vitamins, essential amino acids, SCFAs | In situ production of important nutrients |
| Kim et al. (2009) | fos | Processing of health-promoting fructooligosaccharides |
| Fukuda et al. (2012) | ABC carbohydrate transporters | High production of acetate and protection from enteropathogenic infection |
| Lee et al. (2010) | ccpA | Influencing blood cholesterol |
| Jacobi et al. (2012) | Quorum sensing | luxS | Induction of anti-inflammatory cytokines |
| Moslehi-Jenabian et al. (2011) | luxS | Adhesion and competitive exclusion of pathogens |
| Fujii et al. (2008) | lamBDCA operon, lamKR operon | agr-like quorum sensing systems |
| Mitsuma et al. (2008) | Quorum sensing system related peptide | Induction of c-myc and IL-6 genes in somatic cells |
| Hamon et al. (2014) | Stress responses (acid and bile) | Heat shock proteins | Repair of damaged proteins |
| Hamon et al. (2014) | Clp proteases | Refolding or degrading denatured proteins |
| An et al. (2014) | uvrB, uvrD1, vsr, helicases | DNA repari |
| Koponen et al. (2012) | F1F0-ATPase | Decreases of intracellular pH |
| Jin et al. (2012) | manB, glum, dapA, glycosyltransferases | Peptidoglycan biosynthesis |
| Koskenniemi et al. (2011) | dit operon | D-alanylation of lipoteichoic acids |
| An et al. (2014) | fab genes | Fatty acid biosynthesis |
| Jin et al. (2012) | Etk-like tyrosine kinase, welG | Exopolysaccharide biosynthesis |
| Hamon et al. (2014) | FabF, RfbB, RfbC | Cell envelope biogenesis |
| Koponen et al. (2012) | luxS | Cell-to-cell communication |
| An et al. (2014) | bsh | Deconjugation of bile salts |
| An et al. (2014) | Transporters | Bile efflux |